The Athenian Constitution   

Part 37

Now when winter had set in, Thrasybulus and the exiles occupied
Phyle, and the force which the Thirty led out to attack them met
with a reverse. Thereupon the Thirty decided to disarm the
bulk of the
population and to get rid of Theramenes; which they did in the
following way. They introduced two laws into the Council, which they
commanded it to pass; the first of them gave the Thirty
absolute power
to put to death any citizen who was not included in the list of the
Three Thousand, while the second disqualified all persons from
participation in the franchise who should have assisted in the
demolition of the fort of Eetioneia, or have acted in any way
against the Four Hundred who had organized the previous oligarchy.
Theramenes had done both, and accordingly, when these laws were
ratified, he became excluded from the franchise and the Thirty had
full power to put him to death. Theramenes having been thus removed,
they disarmed all the people except the Three Thousand, and in every
respect showed a great advance in cruelty and crime. They also sent
ambassadors to Lacedaemonian to blacken the character of Theramenes
and to ask for help; and the Lacedaemonians, in answer to their
appeal, sent Callibius as military governor with about seven hundred
troops, who came and occupied the Acropolis.

Part 38

These events were followed by the occupation of Munichia by the
exiles from Phyle, and their victory over the Thirty and their
partisans. After the fight the party of the city retreated, and next
day they held a meeting in the marketplace and deposed the
Thirty, and
elected ten citizens with full powers to bring the war to a
termination. When, however, the Ten had taken over the
government they
did nothing towards the object for which they were elected, but sent
envoys to Lacedaemonian to ask for help and to borrow money.
Further, finding that the citizens who possessed the franchise were
displeased at their proceedings, they were afraid lest they should
be deposed, and consequently, in order to strike terror into them
(in which design they succeeded), they arrested Demaretus, one of
the most eminent citizens, and put him to death. This gave
them a firm
hold on the government, and they also had the support of
Callibius and
his Peloponnesians, together with several of the Knights; for some
of the members of this class were the most zealous among the
citizens to prevent the return of the exiles from Phyle. When,
however, the party in Piraeus and Munichia began to gain the upper
hand in the war, through the defection of the whole populace to
them, the party in the city deposed the original Ten, and elected
another Ten, consisting of men of the highest repute. Under their
administration, and with their active and zealous cooperation, the
treaty of reconciliation was made and the populace returned to the
city. The most prominent members of this board were Rhinon of
Paeania and Phayllus of Acherdus, who, even before the arrival of
Pausanias, opened negotiations with the party in Piraeus, and after
his arrival seconded his efforts to bring about the return of the
exiles. For it was Pausanias, the king of the Lacedaemonians, who
brought the peace and reconciliation to a fulfillment, in
conjunction with the ten commissioners of arbitration who arrived
later from Lacedaemonian, at his own earnest request. Rhinon and his
colleagues received a vote of thanks for the goodwill shown