Polymnia   

*... had made small shields made of the hide of the ox, and
carried each of them two spears such as are used in wolf-hunting.
Brazen helmets protected their heads; and above these they wore the
ears and horns of an ox fashioned in brass. They had also crests on
their helms; and their legs were bound round with purple bands. There
is an oracle of Mars in the country of this people.

* There is a defect here in the text of Herodotus; the name of
the nation has been lost and cannot be satisfactorily supplied.

The Cabalians, who are Maeonians, but are called Lasonians, had
the same equipment as the Cilicians- an equipment which I shall
describe when I come in due course to the Cilician contingent.
The Milyans bore short spears, and had their garments fastened
with buckles. Some of their number carried Lycian bows. They wore
about their heads skull-caps made of leather. Badres the son of
Hystanes led both nations to battle.
The Moschians wore helmets made of wood, and carried shields and
spears of a small size: their spear-heads, however, were long. The
Moschian equipment was that likewise of the Tibarenians, the
Macronians, and the Mosynoecians. The leaders of these nations were
the following: the Moschians and Tibarenians were under the command of
Ariomardus, who was the son of Darius and of Parmys, daughter of
Smerdis son of Cyrus; while the Macronians and Mosynoecians. had for
leader Artayctes, the son of Cherasmis, the governor of Sestos upon
the Hellespont.
The Mares wore on their heads the plaited helmet peculiar to their
country, and used small leathern bucklers, and javelins.
The Colchians wore wooden helmets, and carried small shields of
raw hide, and short spears; besides which they had swords. Both
Mares and Colchians were under the command of Pharandates, the son
of Teaspes.
The Alarodians and Saspirians were armed like the Colchians; their
leader was Masistes, the son of Siromitras.
The Islanders who came from the Erythraean Sea, where they
inhabited the islands to which the king sends those whom he
banishes, wore a dress and arms almost exactly like the Median.
Their leader was Mardontes the son of Bagaeus, who the year after
perished in the battle of Mycale, where he was one of the captains.
Such were the nations who fought upon the dry land, and made up
the infantry of the Persians. And they were commanded by the
captains whose names have been above recorded. The marshalling and
numbering of the troops had been committed to them; and by them were
appointed the captains over a thousand, and the captains over ten
thousand; but the leaders of ten men, or a hundred, were named by
the captains over ten thousand. There were other officers also, who
gave the orders to the various ranks and nations; but those whom I
have mentioned above were the commanders.
Over these commanders themselves, and over the whole of the
infantry, there were set six generals- namely Mardonius, son of
Gobryas; Tritantaechmes, son of the Artabanus who gave his advice
against the war with Greece; Smerdomenes, son of Otanes- these two
were the sons of Darius' brothers, and thus were cousins of Xerxes-
Masistes, son of Darius and Atossa; Gergis, son of Arizus; and
Megabyzus, son of Zopyrus.
The whole of the infantry was under the command of these generals,
excepting the Ten Thousand. The Ten Thousand, who were all Persians
and all picked men, were led by Hydarnes, the son of Hydarnes. They
were called "the Immortals," for the following reason. If one of their
body failed either by the stroke of death or of disease, forthwith his
place was filled up by another man, so that their number was at no
time either greater or less than 10,000.
Of all the troops the Persians were adorned with the greatest
magnificence, and they were likewise the most valiant. Besides their