condensed air, and therefore it does not blow strong at first, but
is gentle at the commencement, because it is not able at once to
overcome the and compacted air, which yet in a while it dissolves.
It produces the same effects upon the land, the sea, the fountains,
the wells, and on every production which contains humidity, and
this, there is in all things, some more, some less. For all these feel
the effects of this wind, and from clear they become cloudy, from
cold, hot; from dry, moist; and whatever ear then vessels are placed
upon the ground, filled with wine or any other fluid, are affected
with the south wind, and undergo a change. And the a change. And the
sun, and the moon, it renders blunter appearance than they naturally
are. When, then, it possesses such powers over things so great and
strong, and the body is made to feel and undergo changes in the
changes of the winds, it necessarily follows that the brain should
be disolved and overpowered with moisture, and that the veins should
become more relaxed by the south winds, and that by the north the
healthiest portion of the brain should become contracted, while the
most morbid and humid is secreted, and overflows externally, and
that catarrhs should thus take place in the changes of these winds.
Thus is this disease formed and prevails from those things which enter
into and go out of the body, and it is not more difficult to
understand or to cure than the others, neither is it more divine
than other diseases.

Men ought to know that from nothing else but the brain come joys,
delights, laughter and sports, and sorrows, griefs, despondency, and
lamentations. And by this, in an especial manner, we acquire wisdom
and knowledge, and see and hear, and know what are foul and what are
fair, what are bad and what are good, what are sweet, and what
unsavory; some we discriminate by habit, and some we perceive by their
utility. By this we distinguish objects of relish and disrelish,
according to the seasons; and the same things do not always please us.
And by the same organ we become mad and delirious, and fears and
terrors assail us, some by night, and some by day, and dreams and
untimely wanderings, and cares that are not suitable, and ignorance of
present circumstances, desuetude, and unskilfulness. All these
things we endure from the brain, when it is not healthy, but is more
hot, more cold, more moist, or more dry than natural, or when it
suffers any other preternatural and unusual affection. And we become
mad from its humidity. For when it is more moist than natural, it is
necessarily put into motion, and the affection being moved, neither
the sight nor hearing can be at rest, and the tongue speaks in
accordance with the sight and hearing.

As long as the brain is at rest, the man enjoys his reason, but
the depravement of the brain arises from phlegm and bile, either of
which you may recognize in this manner: Those who are mad from
phlegm are quiet, and do not cry out nor make a noise; but those
from bile are vociferous, malignant, and will not be quiet, but are
always doing something improper. If the madness be constant, these are
the causes thereof. But if terrors and fears assail, they are
connected with derangement of the brain, and derangement is owing to
its being heated. And it is heated by bile when it is determined to
the brain along the bloodvessels running from the trunk; and fear is
present until it returns again to the veins and trunk, when it ceases.
He is grieved and troubled when the brain is unseasonably cooled and
contracted beyond its wont. This it suffers from phlegm, and from
the same affection the patient becomes oblivious. He calls out and
screams at night when the brain is suddenly heated. The bilious endure
this. But the phlegmatic are not heated, except when much blood goes
to the brain, and creates an ebullition. Much blood passes along the
aforesaid veins. But when the man happens to see a frightful dream and
is in fear as if awake, then his face is in a greater glow, and the
eyes are red when the patient is in fear. And the understanding